Distribution Solutions Group, Inc. (NASDAQ:DSGR) Q3 2023 Earnings Conference Call November 2, 2023 9:00 AM ET
Company Participants
Sandy Martin – Three Part Advisors
Bryan King – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Ron Knutson – Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Conference Call Participants
Kevin Steinke – Barrington Research
Tommy Moll – Stephens Inc.
Brad Hathaway – Far View
Operator
Greetings, and welcome to the Distribution Solutions Group Third Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. [Operator Instructions] Please note this conference is being recorded.
I will now turn the conference over to your host, Sandy Martin at Three Part Advisors. Ma’am, you may begin.
Sandy Martin
Good morning, everyone and welcome to the Distribution Solutions Group third quarter 2023 earnings call. Joining me on today’s call are DSG’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bryan King; and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Ron Knutson.
In conjunction with today’s call, we have provided a Q3 earnings presentation that has been posted on the company’s IR website at investor.distributionsolutionsgroup.com. Please note that statements on this call and in the press release contain forward-looking statements concerning goals, beliefs, expectations, strategies, plans, future operating results and underlying assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described.
In addition, statements made during this call are based on the company’s views as of today. The company anticipates that future developments may cause those views to change, and we may elect to update the forward-looking statements made today, but disclaim any obligation to do so.
Management will also refer to the non-GAAP measures and reconciliations to the nearest GAAP measures can be found at the end of our earnings release. The earnings press release issued earlier today was posted on the Investor Relations section of our website. A copy of the release has also been included in a current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC.
Lastly, this call is being webcast on the Internet via the Distribution Solutions Group Investor Relations page on the company’s website. A replay of this teleconference will be available through November 16, 2023.
I will now turn the call over to Bryan King. Bryan?
Bryan King
Thanks Sandy, and thank you all for joining us to review our third quarter results.
In September, we hosted our first ever DSG Investor Day, which allowed our team to demonstrate the company’s strong market positions in key vertical channels that offer broad and differentiated specialty distribution solutions.
We also introduced our deep leadership bench and explored how customers rely on us to provide high touch value-added distribution solutions for their MRO, OEM and industrial technology needs in our large addressable market of over $60 billion. It was constructive and valuable to meet and take questions from new and existing investors and sell-side analysts. We appreciate many of you joining us in Fort Worth and those that joined virtually.
We encourage you to review the Investor Day deck on the Investor Relations section of our website, where we shared our strategic plans for further top line growth, margin expansion and free cash flow generation as well as walking through our capital allocation priorities and plans to create long-term shareholder value.
Now beginning on slide four. We reported total third quarter sales of $439 million, up over 26% from the prior year. And excluding the impact of Hisco, we increased EBITDA margin 70 basis points. As we discussed last quarter and highlighted during Investor Day, we generated strong double-digit organic sales results in last year’s third quarter, creating difficult comparisons. For the 2023 third quarter, total organic growth declined by 4%.
This pressure was isolated to softness in technology oriented markets, including semiconductor manufacturing, renewables and test and measurement capital equipment sales. These markets have strong secular tailwinds, and we purposely added differentiated capabilities to serve these important end markets. Softness in these important end markets was partially offset by organic growth within the Lawson vertical.
The capital equipment softness further highlights the importance of adding Hisco as part of the industrial technology platform moving forward, given the more recurring nature of that business. We will provide updates on the integration milestones and progress later.
DSG delivered strong quarterly growth and profitability despite pockets of choppy demand. Our teams continued to focus on what we can control within the businesses as we march operating margins towards the long-term goals outlined during Investor Day. We worked hard this quarter to execute strategic operational initiatives that improve sales productivity and grow market share in each of our three verticals.
For the third quarter, we reported adjusted EBITDA of $44 million or 10% of sales and adjusted earnings per share of $0.17 per share. As we signaled last quarter and at the time of the acquisition, Hisco’s results will initially pressure our EBITDA margins. Excluding Hisco, our adjusted EBITDA margin would have been 10.7% for the third quarter up from 10% in the prior year’s quarter.
We generated significant cash from operations of $74 million year-to-date, which speaks to the power of our model and the discipline of our working capital management. Our teams continue to perform well, and our sales transformation efforts resulted in further field rep productivity improvements. Additionally, we continue to invest in technology and remain resilient and flexible in operating the business.
Moving to slide five. Let me briefly provide business updates and important sales and cost initiatives for our MRO, OEM and industrial technologies focused verticals. Lawson Products continues to be a leader in the MRO distribution of C-parts, offering vendor-managed inventory services.
During the third quarter, Lawson grew organic sales by 6.3% on a same-day basis, and we also realized a strong double-digit EBITDA margin, which increased significantly over the prior year quarter and expanded sequentially over the second quarter. This was achieved while concurrently accelerating Lawson’s sales transformation initiative, which we elaborated on during Investor Day.
We continue to identify wallet share expansion opportunities with current customers as well as the strong market share expansion opportunities with new customers. Our lift in sales has largely been seen by lift in engagement with large strategic accounts as well as growth in select business verticals. We are enjoying a robust and growing strategic accounts pipeline and an accelerating sales cycle significantly enhanced through the collaborative cross-selling efforts focused on strongly embedded customer relationships of Gexpro Services and importantly, now Hisco.
We continue to see mild customer level activity softness consistent with the third quarter in our core street business at Lawson. It’s not unusual for Lawson’s customer order frequency to be unpredictable during the holidays.
I’m pleased that the Lawson team drove nice organic growth through market and wallet share expansion. Also, we are confident that our sales transformation initiatives will better position Lawson to boost growth and customer engagement over the long-term. We’re finalizing our mobile enabled CRM tool at Lawson, which will be fully rolled out during the first quarter of 2024. The leadership team at Lawson continues to support our sales reps to improve productivity, allowing them to make more money, better serve customers and expand cross-sell opportunities.
During the third quarter, our sales rep productivity increased by 18%, which represents success building on success this year. Over the last two years, we have set up a more disciplined operating structure to invest in additional growth resources to constantly evaluate how to better serve our customers to enhance our customer experience, while becoming more differentiated in our solutions for them.
In reflecting on each of our divisions and our shared but often competing objectives of driving high quality revenue growth while also committing across DSG greater discipline and operating efficiency to unlock structurally higher EBITDA and margins. We pour over the initiatives, balancing the tensions and timing around investing in additional growth resources and customer experience enhancements, while also optimizing our spend to unlock accelerating current profitability.
While the timing of income statement investments is not always perfect and linear, the discipline and commitment from our management team and the shareholders is. Across our leadership team, we are perfectly aligned with our shareholders, and I am convinced we are doing great work, and I thank our teams for us regularly.
At the end of our remarks, I’ll talk about our capital allocation framework for reinvesting our collective cash flow and balance sheet, but the more nuanced and often less talked about framework, but equally as critical, is how we are investing more on the income statement and initiatives across DSG to drive growth, while also balancing those investments with initiatives to unlock more near-term earnings and cash flow. The sales productivity lift at Lawson is in what we consider the early innings of a broader commitment to our salesforce to help them grow their revenue engagements with resources in which we have been investing and to drive their compensation.
As I reflect on a series of decisions over the last two years of coming together and the benefits of being a part of one larger DSG company, Lawson’s MRO business has grown its third quarter revenue over third quarter 2021 prior to the merger by 22% and its EBITDA by 112%, taking EBITDA margins from 8.4% to 14.5% in less than two years. This is based on a collection of partially executed initiatives structured around being a part of the larger DSG family, and we are just now beginning to see the capability and cross-selling benefits accrue to Lawson and other businesses.
Turning to Gexpro Services, which continues to be a leader in the supply chain solutions of largely C-parts, specializing in vendor-managed inventory programs for high spec OEM customers.
For the quarter, our sales were essentially flat over the prior year’s quarter. Our largest end market remains renewables, which combines electrical, mechanical and hardware product offerings with kitting supply chain services and domestic manufacturing, of which government-funded programs support many. We are seeing green shoots in the renewables markets. Given the rapidly changing geopolitical environment, we anticipate momentum to continue in aerospace and defense, with secular tailwinds for some time.
We also see strength in the industrial power markets this quarter and this year. While our programs are still intact and being renewed, we have seen the largest softness this year in our highest margin business, which addresses the technology end market as activity in pulling our product through our customer facilities is down 45% this year versus last year, creating a $6.1 million EBITDA headwind we largely made up elsewhere. That said, our pipeline across our verticals for new programs with our suite of capabilities is excellent. And although we have working quotes, timelines have slowed, likely due to the higher cost of capital environment.
We continue to see growth in the retrofit and upgrade cycle for the installed base like in renewables. Gexpro Services is creating value from synergistic acquisitions, expanding kitting and project services, the successful launch of our ecommerce platform this year and continuing to refine how we offer our expanded core products and vendor managed inventory capabilities with the addition of Lawson’s MRO and now Hisco’s product leadership in key categories. We continue to emphasize embedding our products and services into new OEM programs and becoming more sticky as the provider of choice.
Our customer-centric approach, combined with the breadth and scale of our strategic acquisitions, has materially expanded our resources, products, footprint and collective expertise across the platform. Using the same two-year lens as I did with Lawson, we track the success we have enjoyed both growing and transforming the profitability of our acquisitions as they are folded into their vertical and more broadly our DSG network. We’ve committed to our investors that we are not buying EBITDA unless it supports our broader strategic objectives.
In reviewing the five acquisitions we’ve added to the Gexpro Services vertical over the last two years, they have an average increase in their organic revenue of 49% and together have more than doubled their EBITDA as their value-added capabilities are leveraged more broadly across our network, allowing our offerings to our collective customers to be more uniquely differentiated.
During this same period, our core Gexpro Services organic revenue has grown 10%, and our EBITDA has been largely flat. Challenges are referenced by a significant mix shift away from our most profitable and we believe sectorally attractive technology end market, which is currently in a tough part of their industry cycle and where we have visibility that our offerings will continue to secure us more programs and market share.
Lastly, moving to Industrial Technologies to discuss TestEquity, along with our initiatives to integrate Hisco. With each day, we are even more confident with our decision that Hisco is key to our broader DSG strategy and our focus on rebalancing test equities consumable supplies versus capital mix to support the full electronic cycle.
Our major work streams associated with integrating Hisco into TestEquity continue to progress on schedule. We are pleased to report that TestEquity’s inventory is now available for sale on the Hisco ecommerce website, which is a win for us and for our customers.
During the third quarter, TestEquity was under pressure from a sales standpoint with comparable sales down in the mid-teens range, largely from pressure within test and measurement and some of the capital assets that complement an environment supporting test and measurement equipment like in a laboratory.
We saw downward pressure on outlays in the technology and R&D sectors due to capital spending deferrals. And we’ve seen some excess products try to get pulled through the channel, especially in the second half of 2023. A year ago, it was a product supply issue and now that has flipped to excess market supply on lower industry demand.
Our customers are telling us that higher capital costs continue to drive capital expenditure delays, and our vendors continue to reiterate our market leading distribution position within these categories. In conjunction with our work streams to integrate Hisco and rebalancing the collective cost structure, we identified and recently commenced action on over $10 million of annual run rate cost savings that will improve the overall margin profile going forward in the Industrial Technologies vertical. The earnout period has passed and we are implementing these initiatives, along with the sales team’s collaboration and other mission-critical activities.
Our vendor managed inventory, or VMI, solutions, continue to show sustained growth and are on track to show their highest profitability to date. Our chambers business continues to perform well and we anticipate accelerating product line growth as well as gross margin expansion in this business.
We have rebaselined operating expense spend across the industrial technology vertical to better position us heading into 2024 as we focus on driving profitability of this vertical to our stated goal of exiting 2024 at a 10% or higher EBITDA margin. We continue to capture cost synergies and production efficiencies, resulting in improved delivery times and lower shipping costs.
As we discussed at Investor Day, we’re accelerating work streams to build a higher structural margin business that benefits from expanded engagement around cross-selling through our other verticals and businesses.
Looking back across the last two years of acquisition performance in our Industrial Technology vertical, four of the five are structurally more profitable with higher earnings, although three of them have been challenged at some level of revenue softness from the current capital spending pressure TestEquity has also faced. Our enthusiasm continues to build as we continue uncovering all the capabilities and levers and how Hisco will significantly transform this vertical and the broader revenue and profitability opportunity across the DSG platform. Bringing leadership and expertise in key product categories, embedded strategic customer relationships, expanded industry engagement, value-added services and a prominent presence in Latin America for the other verticals to draft.
With that, I would like to turn the call over to Ron to walk through the financials. Ron?
Ron Knutson
Thank you, Bryan and good morning, everyone.
Turning to slide seven, let me summarize Q3 results. Consolidated revenue for Q3 was $438.9 million, up $91.8 million or 26.4%. Although acquisition revenue in 2022 and 2023 resulted in incremental sales of $106.3 million, organic sales declined by 4.2%. If we look at this from a cumulative two-year basis, organic sales were up approximately 11% versus 2021 through a combination of strategic price and volume expansion.
Third quarter results reflect strong growth in margin dollars. We reported a $9 million improvement in adjusted EBITDA growing to $43.7 million or 10% of sales and an increase of 25.9% versus last year’s adjusted EBITDA of 34.7%. As Bryan mentioned, excluding Hisco, our adjusted EBITDA would have been 10.7% for the quarter.
Reported operating income was $12.8 million compared to $22 million a year ago quarter, excluding nonrecurring merger related costs, acquisition costs, stock-based compensation, severance and other nonrecurring items, operating income would have been $26.7 million, up from $25.7 million in the year ago quarter.
We reported GAAP diluted loss per share of $0.03 for the third quarter compared to earnings per share of $0.42 a year ago. On an adjusted basis, adjusted diluted EPS was $0.17 for the quarter versus $0.32 for a year ago quarter. This reflects the impact of acquisition related D&A expenses and higher share count compared to the prior year period.
We continue to show strong cash flow generation from operations and good working capital management with $47 million of the $74 million of cash generated from operations that Bryan mentioned being realized in the third quarter. We ended the quarter with unrestricted and restricted cash of over $100 million.
Turning to slide eight. Let me now comment briefly on each of the businesses. Starting with Lawson, sales were $114.5 million, up 4.6% for the quarter and representing a 6.3% increase on a same-day basis. The increase over a year ago was driven by strong performance within the strategic business, Kent Automotive and government military.
As Bryan mentioned, the core street business was somewhat softer, which continues into the fourth quarter. Similar to the second quarter, Lawson’s growth in Q3 was achieved through increased wallet share with existing customers and new customers in both our strategic accounts and our Kent Automotive businesses.
As we discussed at our Investor Day, Lawson’s initiatives to transform the sales team were executed this past summer, which resulted in an 18% lift in sales rep productivity this quarter. Lawson’s adjusted EBITDA improved to $16.7 million compared to adjusted EBITDA of $9.7 million a year ago quarter. This increase was primarily driven by the sales increase in gross margin improvements, partially offset by increased compensation on higher sales levels and channel investments to better position Lawson on a longer term basis. Lawson’s adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales was 14.6% in the quarter versus 8.8% a year ago quarter and improved sequentially from 13.5% in the second quarter of 2023.
Turning to Gexpro Services on slide nine. Total sales were $103.2 million for the third quarter, essentially flat versus $103.7 million in a year ago period. Like last quarter, Gexpro saw a decline in sales in their highest margin technology end market, offset by growth in aerospace and defense and industrial power markets. The leadership team is reallocating resources to better align with demand to maintain profitability and margin goals set for the business for this year.
Gexpro Services largest vertical is renewables, which are expected to have secular strength over the next several quarters and years. We are reinvesting and growing the business and being cautious about weaker markets or ones more sensitive to current macroeconomic issues. At Gexpro Services, we are focused on existing relationships in market share gains from new customers through our value creation offerings, including kitting, project services and the ability to deliver world-class support to the OEM production cycle.
Gexpro Services adjusted EBITDA was $11.6 million or 11.2% of sales versus $12.5 million or 12% of sales for the year ago quarter, with much of the decrease being a shift driven by sales mix. Realigning our costs to align with our sales and improving gross margins will benefit us yet this year and beyond.
Lastly, I will turn to TestEquity, including Hisco on slide 10. Q3 sales grew to $207.7 million primarily due to $106.3 million of acquired revenue, offset by a decrease of 13.2% in organic sales. Given the strong third quarter organic growth from last year on a cumulative two-year basis, TestEquity is still up approximately 3.7% compared to 2021 sales levels.
As Bryan mentioned, test and measurement sales were soft, and our Q3 key supplier shipments through the entire channel were down even more dramatically than the TestEquity results might suggest. In other words, TestEquity performed well in Q3, especially given the market dynamics in this space.
While we continue to see choppiness in capital spending, the bright spots in the quarter were the continued growth in the chambers business, enhancements within our BMI offering and progress within digital into our own brand offering. Although not a big part of the business, we do value our owned brands as a way of improving the mix of higher margin business over time.
TestEquity’s adjusted EBITDA for the third quarter was $14.3 million or 6.9% of sales. In EBITDA dollars, this was an increase of $4.2 million or 42% over the same period a year ago, of which approximately $8.3 million was generated from the acquired businesses. Although we are actively making progress to optimize the expense structure through the TestEquity and Hisco integration, we are working on operating expense rebaselining to align sales to align with sales volumes for TestEquity, which includes Hisco. While this is a work in progress, we’ve made good progress this year, which collectively should exceed $10 million on an annualized basis.
Moving on to slide 11. We ended the quarter with $279 million of liquidity, including $80.5 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and $198.3 million under our existing credit facility. Our amended credit facility was expanded earlier this year from $500 million to $805 million.
Over the last 18 months, we’ve reduced our net debt leverage from 3.6 times at the close of the merger on April 1, 2022, down to 2.9 times, all while acquiring four businesses. We continue to focus on deleveraging the balance sheet through operating and working capital improvements with our target leverage ratio remaining in the three to four times range.
Although we continue to support a robust working capital investment portfolio, we are carefully managing inventories, accounts receivables and accounts payables as evidenced by our ability to generate cash flows from operations of $47 million for the quarter.
Net capital expenditures, including rental equipment were $14.7 million for the first nine months of the fiscal year and we expect full year CapEx to be in the range of $16 million to $20 million or approximately 1% of revenue.
With that, I would now like to turn it back over to Bryan.
Bryan King
Thank you, Ron. Let’s turn to slide 12 to recap our capital allocation framework. DSG is focused on a prudent balance of organic and acquisitive growth where we use a disciplined approach to track working capital intensity, leverage and periodic discussions and decisions to invest in our own stock.
Our goals at DSG are to scale our business even further while improving the return profile of our specialty distribution platform, benefit from our fortified competitive moat in our verticals with unique and well-positioned products and solutions, serve our customers with high touch, value-added specialty products, services and solutions, maintain our asset-light capital structure with planned growth through sustainable working capital investments as well as highly strategic acquisitions that expand our offerings and improve our unique and highly differentiated value proposition for our customers. Finally, all creating long-term shareholder value by elevating our earnings structure and generating significant cash flow per share.
Turning to slide 13. Third quarter results demonstrated our ability to benefit from our diverse end markets to achieve a 10% EBITDA margin or 10.7%, excluding our recent Hisco acquisition. As your partners and as the leaders of the business, we are excited shareholders as we see significant levers, some of which are outlined on slide 13, available to us to unlock significantly higher earnings over the coming years regardless of how the current economic cycle unfolds.
We are committed to work hard on the elements of the business that we control, like the current focus on improving the salesforce productivity, sharing best practices and reducing costs across DSG where scale and we’re pulling together businesses with redundant capabilities, is allowing us to continue to uncover spending we can eliminate, which continues to be an everyday opportunity where the management teams are collaborating and finding new opportunities.
Additionally, constructive collaboration is a key part of our cross-selling initiatives, which are a priority and are both growing and paying off and we are finding better and different ways to increase sales through long-standing relationships with our best customers.
Enhancing our offering and value to our customers is adding to our management team’s enthusiasm as they see an expanded opportunity complementing the DSG platform we are building with the Hisco acquisition and the role it plays in accelerating differentiated revenue growth initiatives.
We also identified more cost reduction benefits and margin improvement opportunities as Hisco becomes more integrated with TestEquity in our Industrial Technologies vertical. We are committed to driving our elevated margin objectives in that business in that vertical over the next several quarters, similar to what we’ve done in the other verticals.
We continue to engage in numerous discussions around strategic assets to buy, and we have accelerated interest from businesses that see the value in and want to be a part of the differentiated specialty distribution business we are building with DSG. Several of them we would like very much to add to our business and we expect we will get the opportunity to. But we have a high bar and a disciplined framework and commercial logic that must exist for us to add businesses to our fold, and then expect a lot of profitability growth as we optimize them for the benefit of each of our verticals, consistent with the financial success on our last 10 acquisitions like we’ve outlined today.
All of our management teams have to be supportive and committed that an acquisition is key to their success and own that accountability for us to bring an acquisition on board and for it to enjoy similar success to what we’ve enjoyed.
With that, operator, we would like to take questions from analysts and investors.
Question-and-Answer Session
Operator
Thank you. At this time, we will be conducting our question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions]
Thank you. Our first question is coming from Kevin Steinke with Barrington Research. Your line is live.
Kevin Steinke
Hey, good morning.
Bryan King
Good morning, Kevin.
Ron Knutson
Good morning, Kevin.
Kevin Steinke
I wanted to start off just by asking about — you mentioned some of the pockets of choppy demand or demand softness related to the technology vertical, renewables and test and measurement equipment. Do you think that’s an environment that is something that persists as long as the cost of capital is higher? Any insight from your customers as to when maybe some of those areas start to kind of turn around or pick up again? Just — I know you’re bullish on those areas over the longer term, but just kind of wondering what your thoughts are in the current environment over the next couple of quarters.
Bryan King
Kevin, it’s a really fair question, and I was actually asked it yesterday in a different context. Renewables — we thought that the renewables end market would start accelerating after the Inflation Reduction Act or the production tax credit was renewed. There were a lot of projects in the queue that we were aware of and our market share there is very high. So we were going to get to enjoy those.
As interest rates rose and cost of capital went up, it fought some of the economic benefits of the production tax credit because those projects are largely project financed. And so there’s been certainly some delays associated with those projects, but there’s a lot of pressure to get them started. And so we’re kind of in a holding pattern there, where we’ve seen a lot more interest and we expect to see an acceleration in demand on the renewables side has been on the retrofit, which some of our tuck-in acquisitions that we did on Gexpro were really done to allow us to have some additional capabilities to address electrical, mechanical and kitting so that we could be a key supplier to the long-term cycle of retrofitting all the existing install base, which is more of a maintenance side of — it’s a multiyear cycle of maintaining renewable infrastructure that’s already in place. And those projects we expect will get released. But it’s really in the early cycle for us of seeing those projects take off.
On the test and measurement side — well, then on the semiconductor and the technology side, we’ve seen kind of a real challenging backdrop, particularly for Gexpro Services there, as I alluded to it in the call. That was our most profitable and has been historically in market. And while secularly, we think that that space in North America is going to benefit with the CHIPS Act, there’s definitely been a slowness in the pull-through from our customers of our products.
Those cycles on the semiconductor side, we’ve all — most of us have invested in semiconductor stocks over the years, they’ve watched the rise and fall there. We had one particular customer that has had more challenges in their pull-through with us, which probably negatively impacted that revenue more than I would think about just the baseline on the semiconductor activity domestically for North America.
When I think about the test and measurement side, there’s been a lot of deferral of purchasing. We made some decisions over the last year there that had to do with pricing discipline, which candidly, as end markets soften, probably impacted us more than we would have expected. There was a customer that we had that was a reseller that is a customer that we had supported over the last several years that is a veteran and it’s just kind of a reseller in the channel and the margins there just weren’t attractive relative to the amount of capital we were tying up. And so we walked to that customer during this year. And that had an additional impact to our top line in the — when matched with a tougher industry backdrop.
Aerospace and defense, which has been a real strength for Gexpro Services on the MRO side has been a real soft area for TestEquity. And we know that our customers there are healthy. We know that they’ve got capital spending needs that they are deferring on test and measurement equipment. But given their businesses are obviously the macro environment globally is causing their businesses to be strong, but deferred some purchasing on the capital side.
And so I don’t know how — it’s hard to predict when those end markets are going to pick back up, but we certainly feel like that our market share position is strong and there’s — I don’t know that I would anticipate that they’re going to pick back up here in the fourth quarter. I think that what we’ve seen so far this fourth quarter has been pretty consistent with what we felt during the third quarter, although sales on test and measurement have turned. So we bottomed there and they have — in the first month or the fourth quarter has been better than the trough in the third certainly. And so we would expect that some of the purchasing is picking back up that we thought was being deferred.
And we think that some of the inventory that was in the system that people were kind of being more aggressive on pricing where we were not willing to participate. It was some of our customers where we were quoting and doing the engineering work and specking things out and then somebody else would come in and low-ball us on a customer that we have a longstanding relationship with somebody that’s caught with some inventory wanted to get out. And we were trying to maintain a lot of the discipline that we’ve tried to put in place to drive margins, and it just impacted us a little bit more on volume in the test and measurement side this quarter — this past quarter.
Ron Knutson
Kevin, this is Ron. Just one — maybe one additional comment on top of Bryan’s comments. As we look at the next couple of quarters, just keep in mind that we are up against some pretty tough comps into Q4 and into the first quarter of 2024 versus 2023 as well. So all three of the businesses had nice organic growth in Q4 versus Q4 of 2022 versus 2021. So just keep that in mind that we are up against some pretty tough comps as we enter into the fourth and first quarter of next year.
Bryan King
Kevin — that’s a good point, Ron. And kind of along those lines, I just — two other things that I didn’t touch on. Hisco, when we bought Hisco there were a couple of programs in there that we knew like they had a great relationship with Abbott, and they had a program that was a COVID testing kits, which we know COVID testing kits have kind of decelerated a lot. We expected a couple of these programs that when we bought the business. We forecasted that there would be some softness there.
So Hisco’s business is performing how we expected it would. So, we’re real pleased with kind of the Hisco side on the top line. There were some construction programs there and then there was a couple of these pharmaceutical programs that were effectively sunsetting based on — the construction stuff was in market related the Abbott or some of the pharmaceutical programs were more COVID related. We’ve got some new programs there that we have visibility to that have not yet hit the P&L, but that we expected some — a little bit of the choppiness there on the top line, and that doesn’t bother us at all.
And another thing that I mentioned is that part of the tension that we’ve had, we’re trying to drive EBITDA margin and EBITDA, the profitability and then just even like salesforce productivity with Lawson has been trying to make sure that we’re focused on profitable, good revenue growth as opposed to — so we’ve had to be disciplined about either walking some customers, as I alluded to earlier and being disciplined around pricing that in a more robust economic backdrop would be kind of blended or buried.
But in an environment where you’ve got some choppiness that is coming through in different end markets, it probably leaves us a little bit more to have to explain when we walk away from a customer and takes a little bit more of a test and measurement decrease in top line, but with the objective of having more discipline around margins and pricing and ultimately our EBITDA objectives that we put out there. So.
Kevin Steinke
Great. That’s all really good color and sight. I appreciate that. The performance in the Lawson business was impressive as you noted with the 18% increase in sales rep productivity. So as I look back about 18 months ago, it looks like the salesforce headcount is down a bit, but as you noted, productivity up significantly. So maybe you can just refresh us or walk us through the steps that you’ve taken to really drive productivity in there and how that’s been playing out for you?
Bryan King
I’d love to answer that question, because I get excited about it, but Ron lives it every day. Since he’s been at Lawson overall these years. So Ron, why don’t you jump in on it first, and then I’ll follow up even though it’s a topic we enjoy.
Ron Knutson
Yeah. For sure. So yeah, Kevin, you’ve tracked for quite a few years, what we’ve been doing on the sales side and the field sales reps in terms of productivity. And to your point, I mean we’re really pleased with the progress that we’ve been able to achieve at Lawson going from kind of high single digit EBITDA to now pretty steady 13% to 14% range. But as we think about the field sales reps for us, we are clearly making investments into those team members, and they are a critical, critical piece of our overall success and bang it out every single day in terms of visiting our customers.
And so when we — what we really have tried to do is to really supplement and provide them some additional resources. For example, we’re investing in a much more sophisticated CRM tool that will be rolled out here in the first quarter. We have built up some support roles, anywhere from service reps to inside sales reps as well in order to be able to expand our channel, selling channels. And for us, it’s all about really trying to be able to help them become more productive and provide them a more defined territory and a more repeatable type of revenue.
So you’re right. Headcount — field headcount is down versus where we were a year ago. And it’s not so much a headcount number for us that’s important. It’s really more about finding those territories that are really, really — can be really, really successful in providing our sales reps the customers and the leads that allow them to be successful and ultimately make more commission dollars as well.
So I would say that 18% growth is a combination of a lot of effort over the last months to help redefine some of the territories, provide some new revenue avenues. Strategic accounts, we’ve talked about that a little bit in the past, continue to have really strong growth in that piece of our business, very sticky customers and really bring to the sales rep kind of a sweet spot in terms of the size of the location that they can service day-in and day-out and service them very well.
So anyway, so I’ll pause there. But yeah, we’re really excited about the productivity side and certainly expanding our channel reach out to our customers as well.
Bryan King
Just because it’s a favorite topic for us to really dig into, Kevin, to add to Ron’s comments. There was a decision this year to make a significant investment in additional resources to support the outside salesforce. And if we go back and use kind of the lens of history, many of us were conditioned over the last eight or so years, 10 years that I’ve been involved in Lawson, that we really needed to grow our outside kind of street sellers or street salesforce to try and grow revenue, to try and get leverage through their efforts at the street level, which really required more feet on the street to get the EBITDA margins to start moving our direction and lifting.
And I think that our lens has evolved and there’s — what we’ve learned is that, one, we think that there’s a lot of efficiency gains that we can help our salesforce with by giving them more tools and more support resources back in the home office and even in some cases, more support resources at the customer location.
So it support technician that’s there to help them refill the bins to go buy so that the salesperson can be looking for ways to grow revenue or to call on more customers or — and to really serve the customer better, where we’ve identified that there’s a growth opportunity with the customer versus the amount of time that maybe our salesforce was spending with some of the customers that were harder to grow or resetting the bins and organizing the parts on site.
The support on the technical side I mean, we’ve added technical experts back and we’re going to add some more back at the home office so that there’s more technical expertise that the field sales force can lean on. And there’s ultimately an objective of significantly slow down what the historic turnover had been with the Lawson field salesforce. And so the productivity is a result of having our sellers have more time to look for revenue growth opportunities. Over the last year, our strategic accounts revenue growth is up over 20% year-over-year. I think it’s 23% right, Ron?
Ron Knutson
Yeah.
Bryan King
And so that part of our business obviously has been where our funnel, our pipeline that has been helped some by being part of DSG and a very focused approach to trying to sell to some of those larger accounts where we can grow with them has been a priority.
The street business, the smaller accounts, which have been largely flat or slightly down, I think down 1% or thereabouts. It has been an area where we’ve tried to drive sensitivity out of our salespeople in terms of how they are — how much time they are spending at a site and making sure that they’re hunting to try and grow their revenue, because we want them to make more money. We think that their compensation or the opportunity that they’ve got to drive their compensation higher through being more efficient and growing their productivity and us helping them on that and then us looking at ways to make sure that they can be rewarded more by their productivity growth is going to slow down that turnover. And that turnover is something that we’ve said publicly before.
Historically, for the last five years or so, on our side, we’ve done a lot of work around the cost of the turnover. And we think it’s still $20 plus million a year that’s a real cost to the business of having excessive turnover on the salesforce. And so these are all parts of a very deliberate plan. It has shifted our focus probably our investment more into how to support the team that we’ve got versus trying to figure out how to grow the team constantly.
And so there’s been a little bit of compression in the number of field reps that we’ve got. But there’s not been any compression in terms of the total spend. I mean, maybe a little bit, but when you look at the inside sales rep support that we’ve tried to offer to the outside sales reps and then the inside technical support and then the service techs, all of which are counted in that outside salesforce number that we’re looking at, the total headcount isn’t down nearly as much as that leading number on the outside sales force would indicate.
Kevin Steinke
Okay. Great. Thanks for all the insight. I have to jump to another call here. But again thanks for all the commentary. I’ll turn it over.
Bryan King
Thanks Kevin.
Ron Knutson
Thanks Kevin.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question is coming from Tommy Moll with Stephens Inc. Your line is live.
Tommy Moll
Good morning and thank you for taking my questions.
Bryan King
Hey, Tommy.
Ron Knutson
Good morning Tommy.
Tommy Moll
I wanted to continue on the Lawson theme. Bryan, you mentioned a couple of times some of the pressures or uncertainty among — or within the core street business. What’s the state of the union there on leading edge demand across your customer base?
Bryan King
Tommy, it’s hard for me to unpack. There’s customers are so — there’s so many customers in that street business, right? And so when you look at it, it’s tens of thousands of customers. And it’s been hard for us or hard for me over the years. We’re going to get a lot better data out of our CRM or more advanced CRM tool that we’re working with right now. I mean, we’ve got it out in the field being beta worked on. About a quarter of our salesforce is using it this quarter and then it goes to all the salesforce at the beginning of the first quarter. We’ll get a lot better information at least for me, from a data perspective.
But that’s where I’m most sensitive about whether or not there’s — what the recessionary pressures are that we’re feeling in the economy, because those are smaller businesses and they’re — the welding shop, they’re the small manufacturer, somebody who’s maybe only buying 1,000 to a couple of thousand dollars a year from us, in some cases even less. And that business across it looks like it’s soft. We had a 1.4% decline in that small customer street business as opposed to the strategic or the Kent where we had much bigger gains quarter-over-quarter. And that’s where — across our portfolio of businesses, we see kind of the pressures across the economy in the US with interest rates higher and some slowing of business activity.
We’re not seeing it with the big strategic customers. Now we’re seeing it in certain industries. But the bigger accounts seem to be — have business activity levels that have been more — again, industry agnostic here that looks more healthy in the current economic backdrop. I do think that there’s — Tommy, we’re — with the program that we put in place with our salesforce and with trying to drive them being sensitive about how they’re investing their time and wanting to make sure that we’re encouraging them to be more productive and to try and drive their compensation up.
There’s probably some concern in my mind that some of the smallest customers may not be seeing their salesperson as often as they used to. We knew we were losing as much as — we did an activity base to exercise on this probably four years ago or five years ago. Our team did it with LKCM Headwater got into the data at Lawson and tried to really look at fully burdening our smallest end of our customer base, and we were losing money on that 10% of the revenue that was the smallest customers.
We were — on a fully burdened basis, we were losing like maybe $20 million a year or more. We were losing as much money as it was total revenue. And so I think it’s 5% of the revenue of the business that we’re losing $20 million. And so we knew that we needed to figure out a way to help the salespeople turn those relationships into more profitable relationships. And we didn’t want to abandon those customers at all. So we were trying to — we’ve worked hard to try to come up with a solution that helps our salesforce continue to serve them, but serve them in a way that’s not eroding their bandwidth at a level where they can’t continue to grow their books of business and make sure that we’re not over serving those customers the way that we historically had been.
Tommy Moll
Thank you Bryan.
Bryan King
I guess what I’m trying to say, Tommy, there could be some denigration on that small street business that is not just economic. It could be — we just aren’t touching them quite as frequently.
Tommy Moll
Yeah, I follow. Thank you. Zooming up to the consolidated company level, you’ve outlined some of the cross currents in terms of the demand environment. I just wondered if you could give us a reasonable expectation for fourth quarter if we just compare to the third quarter results, you did $439 million of revenue, 10% EBITDA margin. Do you have a sense of whether those two points are flat, up, down quarter-over-quarter, if you roll it all together? Thank you.
Ron Knutson
Yeah. So Tommy, this is Ron. So a couple of things to keep in mind relative to Q4. So we do have 61 selling days in the fourth quarter versus 64. I’m sorry, 63 in this quarter, in Q3. So that clearly will have an impact. And even I think everybody kind of realizes that 61 may not really be a full equivalent of 61. So as we think about — and Bryan commented on this, as we sit here through the first month of the quarter, we are seeing kind of a similar mid single digit total sales decline, putting Hisco aside since they were not in the prior year numbers.
And so I think as we think about that for Q4, I’m not sure that we’re going to see a fast turnaround here, certainly in November and December. It wouldn’t surprise me that the trend that we saw in October really kind of continue for the remainder of Q4 adjusted for an ADS basis.
In terms of the overall adjusted EBITDA percentage, we — historically, we do see a little bit of compression there versus 63 or 64 day quarters just given our fixed versus variable operating cost structure. So we see a little bit of compression there typically in the fourth quarter. Nothing dramatic, but I think if you look back, we do see a little bit there. So we’re anticipating with the current revenue trends that we’ll probably see a similar — a little bit of compression in the fourth quarter versus what we saw in Q3.
Tommy Moll
Thank you both. I appreciate the insight and I’ll turn it back.
Bryan King
Thanks Tommy.
Operator
[Operator Instructions]
Our next question is coming from Brad Hathaway with Far View. Your line is live.
Brad Hathaway
Hi, guys. Thanks for the time and thanks for all the insight in the quarter. One question for you. It seems like the bulk of the weakness is still on the test and measurement equipment. And in the 10-Q, I think you mentioned that you saw — you were optimistic about a recovery in the first half of 2024 in that segment. I’m curious what gives you that optimism? And how do you get visibility into that?
Bryan King
Great question. The — I think there’s two things, I’m going to say there’s three things. One is, at this point, we’ve seen a slight turn, but it’s definitely a turn from the trough in July to starting to see our test and measurement activity levels coming back up. It’s still down, but it’s certainly — we’ve got visibility around order interest and starting to see better performance there than where it was at its trough. And then we’re also — we’ve been — some of the revenue that we decided not to do or to take based on what felt like some less rational destocking that was going on with maybe some of the players in the market that we’ve got a dominant position there. We’ve got the largest inventory position.
We have been for our key vendors, the biggest part of their North American sales through distribution. And we didn’t want to be price disruptors. But when you try and hold that discipline, you see — if you end up losing some revenue that you would consider normally going to you by being more disciplined around price discounting. It used to be that there was more firm discounting boundaries that were enforced by the vendors. There became some sloppiness on that over the last quarter or so as I think some distributors were trying to move some inventory. And we feel like that, that’s behind us at this point. And so that’s another reason why we think we have more optimism there.
And then lastly, we’re going to eclipse this relationship that we made a strategic decision coming off of 2022 and feeling really good about the progress we’ve made at TestEquity but being very disciplined around or focused on wanting to drive more margin discipline, ultimately EBITDA margin as well. We were not willing to continue to sell into the channel to a reseller that set at a really low margin for us, but it was real volume. And that volume became a bigger headwind when you match it. The volume that we walked away from became a bigger headwind when you max that up with a weaker backdrop in the industry. So that was kind of — it probably amplified the negative revenue out of test and measurement year-over-year in the quarter. It did amplify it.
Brad Hathaway
Okay. So it’s kind of cycling some things that are internal that you kind of are already in control of as opposed to making kind of a macro prognostication on when T&M will recover?
Bryan King
Yes. It’s probably a combination of both. But yes, it’s definitely there are some things that were internal that we were cycling, but then there’s also — we think that there’s customers that have just been slow to release dollars and to try and replace or upgrade their test and measurement equipment that are ultimately in our queue that need to replace it or add to. But I don’t think we’re making a call on the economy as much as we are making a call on our customer RFQs and the conversations there and how we see this and see the longer cycle demand for — more secularly for the — from our customers of equipment.
Brad Hathaway
Got it.
Bryan King
But I would be concerned about trying to make a call on it. But I’m less concerned that we’re making the call versus the fact that we think that we’ve got better visibility right now than we did 60 days ago.
Brad Hathaway
Understood. Okay. Great. And — okay. And speaking of I mean you also reiterated on this call staying with TestEquity that you expect to exit 24%, I believe to 10% EBITDA margins. And that’s obviously a long way from where we are today at 7% ish. I guess how much of that is part of this demand recovery, or not demand recovery, but part of this kind of recovery you see in the business and into 2024 versus Hisco integration? I mean is there a way to kind of break out how you see that significant improvement?
Bryan King
Yeah. Very fair question. So the cost side opportunity that we’ve alluded to is — actions have taken place or in process right now is over 100 basis points. So it’s 100 to 150 basis points that have already — had actions taken that haven’t flowed through. And there’s more opportunity to try and optimize the total industrial technologies vertical that we still are working kind of collaboratively across the Hisco TestEquity businesses to kind of unlock, but it’s been identified, it hadn’t been actioned. There’s — so I would kind of — and then there’s gross margin actions that are underway, and then there’s some gross margin dynamics that we saw, like I just alluded to on test and measurement that we think that we’re going to be sunsetting or getting the benefit of. But there’s gross margin actions across the Industrial Technologies vertical that ought to lend to it.
So those two pieces, we think, are largely controllables. I would pause that that’s two-thirds or more of what we think we need to be able to pull that business to our objectives. There’s probably less than a third that would be demand normalization, not demand growth, but and I was actually messing with this math yesterday. And I don’t think — it’s I think it’s hard to get there without having — it’s hard to get to over 10% without having some constructive perspective by the end of next year. The demand is not continuing to be as soft as it was this last quarter, but — or that we are not engaging in demand that’s there because of market — undisciplined marketplace. But if there’s — if the undisciplined marketplace is cleaned up, and we’re participating in more of the demand that’s in the marketplace or if we’re seeing any demand recovery, then that should be with the other two levers more than what we need to get there.
Brad Hathaway
Okay. Got it. Thanks. And then I guess just finally, on the — congrats on getting the leverage down below 3%. I mean six-months after Hisco, that is pretty impressive. And it sounded like you were optimistic, but retaining a kind of high bar for future M&A. Is that kind of a fair assessment?
Bryan King
We’re optimistic. We’ll start with that. We’ve got a really robust pipeline of projects that we’re working through right now. So there are different stages of the diligence or lockdown, but trying to get them right and the disciplined framework is one that we just want to make sure we’re reiterating, because there’s not an urgency on our part to spend liquidity unless it absolutely fits our commercial objectives as well as our financial objectives for the business. But there are things that we are actively working on, and they’re of all different sizes at this point.
Brad Hathaway
Got it.
Ron Knutson
Brad, just maybe to add a comment on top of Bryan’s note. I mean, you saw it on our balance sheet. We currently sit with over $100 million of total cash. And certainly, the third quarter from a cash generation for us was a really strong quarter. We created $47 million of cash flow from operating activities and all-in that’s $74 million on a year-to-date basis. I know that was in some of our prepared remarks, which really helped get that leverage down to the 2.9%. Even though we have a limitation on how much cash we can offset in our bank defined EBITDA leverage.
So I just didn’t want to get away from the call without reiterating our cash position. I think it ties directly into your question around acquisitions and having — as we sit today $280 million of availability through our revolver plus the cash position and that we do have an additional $200 million accordion feature through our credit facility as well. So we feel like from a liquidity standpoint, we’re positioned really well to take advantage of those opportunities as they come up.
Brad Hathaway
Fantastic. Well, hopefully, you can find another Hisco out there. Excellent. Well, thank you all very much. And…
Bryan King
We’ve got ideas on that.
Brad Hathaway
Glad to hear it.
Bryan King
There’s been a lot of interest in — I’ve mentioned it in the prepared remarks, but there’s been a lot of interest that’s been inbound, which has been quite interesting about wanting to be a part of what we’re building. And there’s some businesses that are out there, and there are some assets that are out there that really do fit very well with what we’re trying to accomplish and would be real jewels to add to our business and would be very financially and commercially valuable to accelerating us being able to get to some of our objectives long term. So, just see how we land the plane. Otherwise, we’ve got some just infield, [indiscernible] around the bases in light of our Rangers win last night, objectives that we think that we can — where we can score some runs on acquisitions that really do fit commercially and aren’t taking on very big bites.
Brad Hathaway
Yeah. No, that’s excellent. Well, thanks again and obviously, we look forward to seeing if anything develops.
Bryan King
[Indiscernible] Thanks Brad.
Operator
Thank you. We have reached the end of our question-and-answer session. So I will now hand the call back over to Mr. King for his closing remarks.
End of Q&A
Bryan King
Thank you, Olie. We look forward to speaking with everyone again when we report our fourth quarter results in early 2024. Additionally, we’ll be presenting at the upcoming Baird Conference in Chicago on November 7 and at the Stephens Conference in Nashville on November 15. We hope to see you all there. If you’re there, please come up and say hello. Have a great day and go Rangers. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude today’s conference and you may disconnect your lines at this time. We thank you for your participation.
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